turlay



March 26, 1963 J. D. TURLAY INLET MANIFOLD SYSTEM 3 Sheets-Sheet 1Original Filed Nov. 14. 1952 ATTORNEY March 26, 1963 J. D. TURLAY INLETMANIFOLD SYSTEM 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Nov. 14. 1952 if J March26, 1963 J. D. TURLAY INLET MANIFOLD SYSTEM 3 SheetsSheet 5 OriginalFiled Nov. 14, 1952 INVENTOR. c/osgo/z fl Yin/g BY AAfM A TTOANEV UnitedStates Patent 25,361 INLET MANIFOLD SYSTEM Joseph D. Turlay, Flint,Mich, assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., acorporation of Delaware Original No. 2,725,047, dated Nov. 29, 1955,Ser. No.

320,519, Nov. 14, 1952. Application for reissue Aug- 5, 1957, Ser. No.677,811

11 Claims. (Cl. 123-122) Matter enclosed in heavy brackets appears inthe original patent but forms no part of this reissue specification;matter printed in italics indicates the additions made by reissue.

This invention relates to inlet manifolding systems for engines and hasparticular relation to a system especially applicable for use on V-typeS-cylinder and other internal combustion engines for automotive andother uses.

It has been the practice heretofore to construct inlet manifolds forengines by forming in a cast or other suitable manifold body, maindistribution and branch passages that extend horizontally within thebody and the outlets from which extend in parallel planes that areeither normally or obliquely disposed with respect to the horizontalplane of the passages. Also it has been customary to so position themanifold outlets on opposite sides of the manifold body that a heatingpassage can be formed in the body to extend substantially across themiddle of the main distribution passages so that the heating fluid canbe supplied for heating the main distribution passages just beneath andaround the junctions between the mam distribution passages and themixture supply passages leading to the manifold.

Not only have these manifolds been difficult to construct but it hasbeen extremely difficult to bolt such manifolds to an engine. Theexpansion and contraction due to variations in temperature tend toloosen the manifold and cause leakage of gas to the surroundingatmosphere. Manifolds of this type also do not efficiently andeffectively heat the charge being supplied to the engine.

It is proposed to construct an inlet manifold with all of the outlet andinlet passages leading to and from the engine in a single plane. Thisnot only makes the manufacture of the manifold much simpler as far asmachining operations are concerned but it makes possible the bolting ofthe manifold to the engine in such manner that expansion and contractionof the manifold will merely cause a slight transverse bending of thebolts by which the manifold is secured to the engine and will not loosenthe bolts or release the gaskets which are employed between the manifoldinlets and outlets and the various passages lea-ding to and from theengine.

It is also proposed to construct a manifold so that the manifold outletsat each end of the manifold are spaced from adjacent pairs of manifoldoutlets intermediate the ends of the manifolds. This makes possibleprovision of heating passage inlets and outlets on each side of andadjacent each end of the manifold. These passages may extend across themanifold in such manner as to heat the branch passages and the ends ofthe main distribution passages at the junctions of the main distributionpassages and the branch passages. This permits the combustible mixtureto travel a greater distance from the carburetor before being heated andcauses the mixture to vaporize and atomize to a greater extent withoutheating. The mixture therefore requires less heating which results in acorresponding increase in volumetric efiiciency of the engine.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a plan view of an inlet manifold embracing the principles ofthe invention.

Reissued Mar. 26, 1963 FIGURE 2 is an end view of a V-type engine inwhich the manifold illustrated by FIGURE 1 is employed.

FIGURE 3 is a horizontal sectional view through the upper distributionand branch passages embraced in the manifold illustrated by FIGURES land 2.

FIGURE 4 is a horizontal sectional view through the lower distributionand branch passages embraced in the manifold illustrated by FIGURES land 2.

FIGURE 5 is a plan view, with portions thereof being broken away, 07 aninternal combustion engine embodying the present invention.

The manifold 10 embracing the invention comprises a cast or othersuitably formed manifold body 11 having manifold outlets 12 formed inparallel rows and in the same plane on opposite sides of the manifoldbody. The manifold outlets 12 on each side of the body 11 are formed insuch a Way as to provide adjacent pairs of manifold outlets indicated at13 and remote pairs of manifold outlets indicated at 14. The adjacentpairs 13 of manifold outlets are disposed intermediate the opposite endsof the manifold and are separated from one another by common Wallsindicated at 16. The remote pairs 14 of manifold outlets are locatedadjacent the opposite ends of the manifold body 11 and are spaced fromthe adjacent pairs 13 of manifold outlets. As will be apparent fromexamining FIGURE 2 the manifold outlets 12 are all adapted to be securedon surfaces formed in the same plane and on the inside of a pair ofengine head-s 17 which may be secured to a block 18 of a V-type engineindicated at 19. The manifold 10 may be secured to the head 17 in anysuitable manner as for example by bolts projecting through openings 21which may be formed in spaced relation to one another along each side ofthe manifold body 11. The manifold outlets 12 each are adapted tocommunicate with one cylinder of the engine 19 through inlet passages 22which in turn communicate with the combustion chambers of the engine.

Horizontally disposed branch passages 23 and 24 are formed in the body11 transversely across the manifold 10 between one of the manifoldoutlets 12 of the remotely disposed pairs 14 and one of the manifoldoutlets 12 of the adjacent pairs 13. The branch passages 23 are disposedabove the branch passages 24 and in such manner that the passages do notintersect in crossing one another between the manifold outlets to whichthey are connected. The body 11 also is formed in such manner as toprovide parallel main distribution passages 26 and 27 which extendlengthwise of the manifold 10 and the opposite ends of which areconnected to the branch passages 23 and 24 respectively andsubstantially midway between the ends of the branch passages 23 and 24.The main distribution passages 26 and 27 are disposed in side by siderelation with the pas-sage 26 being disposed above the passage 27 farenough so that the ends thereof may communicate with the passages 23 and24 without curving the main distribution passages 26 and 27 upwardly ordownwardly. However, it may be desirable to curve the opposite ends ofthe passages 26 and 27 laterally of the manifold 10 to provide curvedpassage ends 28. The passage ends 28 extend normally with respect to thebranch passages 23 and 24. The body 11 also may be formed to provideinlet passage means 29 and 31 and by which the intermediate parts of themain distribution passages 26 and 27 may communicate with outletpassages formed in a carburetor such as that indicated at 32.

The body 11 also may be formed to provide transversely disposed heatingfluid passages indicated at 33 and 34. The opposite ends of each of thepassages 33 and 34 have [are adapted to communicate with] heating fluidinlets and outlets indicated at 36 and disposed in the same plane and inthe plane of the outlets 12 of the manifold outlet passages 23 and 24-.One of the heating fluid inlets and outlets 36 is disposed at each endand on opposite sides of the manifold and in the spaces between one ofeach of the remote pairs and one of the adjacent pairs of the manifoldoutlets 12. Each of the {The} heating fluid inlets and outlets 36 is[are adapted to be] connected to one of the transversely disposedexhaust passages indicated at 37 and formed in each of the heads 17across the exhaust valves 50 controlling the exhaust ports 51 of the twointermediate cylinders 52 in each bank of cylinders of the engine 19.Other transversely disposed exhaust passages indicated at 53 are formedin each of the heads 17 from the exhaust valves 50 controlling theexhaust ports 51 of the two end cylinders 54 in each bank of cylindersof the engine 19. The outer [opposite] ends of the exhaust passages 37and 53 communicate with exhaust manifolds 38 and 39 secured to the heads17. Exhaust gas from the manifolds 38 and 39 is adapted to be conductedaway from the engine 19 through exhaust conduits indicated at 41 [42]and 42 [43] respectively. The exhaust conduit 41 {38] preferably isprovided with an exhaust heat control valve indicated at 43 and adaptedto restrict the flow of exhaust gas through the exhaust conduit 41 whenthe engine is cold and the fluid pressure in the exhaust conduit is low.It will be apparent that if the heat control valve 43 closes the exhaustconduit 41 then exhaust gas will flow from the end cylinders 54 in thehead 17 on this side of the engine into the exhaust manifold 38 and willbe conducted with the exhaust gas from the two intermediate cylinders 52on the same side of the engine through the exhaust passages 37 whichextend across the head of the engine [17] adjacent the intermediatecylinders [of the engine] and into the heating fluid passages indicatedat 33 and 34. From the passages 33 and 34 the exhaust gas will beconducted to the exhaust manifold 39' on the opposite side of the enginethrough the exhaust passages 37 formed in the other head 17 [of theengine] and across the other two intermediate cylinders 52 of theengine. The exhaust manifold 39 then will collect all of the exhaust gasfrom both banks of cylinders which will be conducted from the enginethrough the exhaust conduit 4-2.

The exhaust or heating fluid passages 33 and 34 each comprise heatingfluid chambers indicated at 44 and 46. The chamber 44 extends [chambers44 extend] directly along the side walls of the branch passages 23 whichare in directly opposed relation to the junctions between the branchpassages 23 and the ends of the main distribution passages 26 and 27[passage 26]. The chamberlIs] 46 also extends directly along the sidewalls of the branch passages 24 which are in directly opposed relationto the junctions between the branch passages 24 and the ends of the maindistribution passages 26 and 27 [passage 27]. The heating fluid passages33 and 34 also are enlarged to provide heating fluid chambers 47adjacent the outer ends of the passages and the opposite ends of theheating chambers 44 and 46. The chambers 47 lie in directly opposedrelation to the curved outer walls of the curved ends 28 of the maindistribution passages 26 and 27.

When exhaust gas from the engine 19 flows through the heating fluidpassages 33 and 34 the chambers 44 will heat the side walls of thepassages 23 in directly opposed relation to the junctions between theopposite ends of the main distribution passage 26 and the branchpassages 23. The chambers 46 likewise will heat the side walls of themanifold branches 24- which are in directly opposed relation to thejunctions between the passages 24- and the main distribution passage 27.The chambers 47 will heat the outer walls of the bends 28 at theopposite ends of each of the main distribution passages 26 and 27. Sinceall of the heating done by the heating fluid within the passages 33 and.34 is applied to walls where the flow of combustible mixture within themanifold passages is changed in direction it will be apparent that theheavy particles of fuel will be separated from the combustible mixtureand will be vaporized upon the heated side walls referred to.

When the engine 19 becomes sufficiently heated or when sufficientexhaust gas pressure is applied to the control valve 43 the controlvalve will completely open the passage between the exhaust manifold 38and the exhaust conduit 41 thereby causing the flow of exhaust gas to beoutwardly from all cylinders and into the exhaust manifolds 33 and 39.Thereafter the flow of exhaust gas through the heating fluid passages 33and 34 will be negligible and the combustible mixture therefore will besupplied to the engine without appreciable heating.

I claim:

1. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a manifold body formed toprovide a pair of main distribution passages having branch passagescommunicating with the opposite ends thereof, said branch passages beingformed to communicate with the ends of said main distribution passagesintermediate the ends of said'branch passages and having outlet endsadapted to communicate with inlet passages leading to engine cylinders,and heating passage means associated with said manifold for heating thecombustible mixture supplied to said engine cylinders by said manifold,said heating passage means being formed to provide heating chambersbeyond the walls of said branch passages directly opposite the ends ofthe main distribution passages and [at] opposing the junctions betweensaid branch passages and said main distribution passages.

2. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a body formed to provide apair of main distribution passages having inlet opening meansintermediate the ends thereof, branch passages formed in said body andcommunicating intermediate the ends thereof with the ends of said maindistribution passages, said branch passages being formed at the oppositeends thereof to provide outlet opening means each adapted to communicatewith one cylinder of an internal combustion engine, and heating passagemeans formed in said body and including heating cavity means disposed inheat conducting relation to the junctions between said main distributionpassages and said branch passages.

3. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a body formed to provide apair of parallel main distribution passages, inlet opening means formedin said main distribution passages and intermediate the ends thereof forsupplying combustible mixture to each of said main distributionpassages, branch passages formed in said body and communicating with theends of said main distribution passages intermediate the ends of saidbranch passages, said branch passages being formed to provide outletopening means at the ends thereof and each leading to a cylinder of aninternal combustion engine, and heating passage means formed in saidbody at each end of said manifold and being formed to provide heatingchamber means in heat conducting relation to the junctions between eachof said branch passages and the ends of said main distribution passages,said body being formed to provide a pair of inlet and outlet ports foreach of said heating passage means, each of said inlet and outlet portsbeing adapted to communicate with an exhaust passage leading to adifferent cylinder of said engine.

4. An inlet manifold comprising a body having a plurality of manifoldoutlets formed on opposite sides thereof, there being one of saidmanifold outlets for each of the four cylinders on each side of a V-type8-cylinder engine, branch passages formed in said body and extendingacross said body and communicating with a manifold outlet on each sideof said manifold, each of said branch passages being adapted tocommunicate with an end cylinder and an intermediate cylinder of saidengine, main distribution passages formed in said body in parallelrelation to one another and to the sides of said manifold, said maindistribution passages being formed adjacent the opposite ends thereof toprovide bends in said main distribution passages, said main distributionpassagesbeing formed in said body at the outer ends of said bends toopen into said branch passages intermediate the ends of said branchpassages and normally with respect to said branch passages, and inletopening means formed in said body and communicating with each of saidmain distribution passages intermediate the ends thereof.

5. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a manifold body havingmanifold outlets formed in rows on opposlte sides of said body, saidmanifold outlets on each side of said manifold being formed to providean adjacent [adjustment] pair of manifold outlets and a remote pair ofmanifold outlets, said adjacent pairs of manifold outlets being formedin said body with a common wall therebetween, said remote pairs ofmanifold outlets being disposed in spaced relation to said adjacentpairs of manifold outlets and on opposite sides of said adjacent pairsof manifold outlets, branch passages formed in said body and extendingacross said body between one manifold outlet of an adjacent pair on oneside and one manifold outlet of a remote pair on the other side of saidmanifold, main distribution passages formed in said body andcommunicating with an intermediate part of each of said branch passages,and means for supplying combustible mixture to said main distributionpassages intermediate the ends thereof.

6. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a manifold body havingmanifold outlets formed in rows on opposite sides of said body, saidmanifold outlets on each side of said manifold being formed to providean adjacent pair of manifold outlets and a remote pair of manifoldoutlets, said adjacent pairs of manifold outlets being formed in saidbody with a common wall therebetween, said remote pairs of manifoldoutlets being disposed in spaced relation to said adjacent pairs ofmanifold outlets and on opposite sides of said adjacent pairs ofmanifold outlets, branch passages formed in said body and extendingacross said body between one manifold outlet of an adjacent pair and onemanifold outlet of a remote pair of said manifold, main distributionpassages formed in said body and communicating with an intermediate partof each of said branch passages, heating fluid inlets and outlets formedin said body and in said rows of manifold outlets on opposite sides ofsaid body, there being one of said heating fluid inlets and outlets oneach side of said body and between one manifold outlet of said adjacentpairs and one manifold outlet of said remote pairs of manifold outlets,heating passage means formed in said body between said heating fluidinlets and outlets on opposite sides of said body, said heating fluidpassage means being formed to provide chambers adjacent said maindistribution passages and said branch passages in said manifold forheating the combustible fluid in said passages, and means for supplyingcombustible mixture to said main distribution passages.

7. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a manifold body havingmanifold outlets formed in rows on opposite sides of said body, saidmanifold outlets on each side of said manifold being arranged in spacedpairs of manifold outlets, there being a plurality of said spaced pairsof manifold outlets on each side of said manifold, branch passagesfor-med in said manifold body and extending across said manifold bodybetween one manifold outlet of each pair of manifold outlets on theopposite sides of said manifold, said manifold outlets in said pairs andto which each branch passage is connected being the manifold outlets atthe opposite ends of each of said oppositely disposed pairs of manifoldoutlets, main distribution passages formed in said body and connectingintermediate portions of said branch passages, means for supplyingcombustible mixture to said main distribution passages, heating fluidinlets and outlets formed in said body and between each of said pairs ofmanifold outlets, heating fluid passages formed in said body betweensaid manifold inlets and outlets on opposite sides of said body, saidheating fluid passages being formed to provide heating fluid chambersdisposed adjacent said manifold branches for heating the combustiblefluid supplied to said manifold branches, and inlet means for supplyingcombustible fluid to said main distribution passages.

8. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a manifold body havingmanifold outlets and heating fluid inlets and outlets formed in rows onopposite sides of said body, said manifold outlets and said heatingfluid inlets and outlets being disposed in the same plane in said rowson opposite sides of said body, branch passages between said manifoldoutlets, main distribution passage means extending between andcommunicating with said branch passages for supplying combustible fluidto said branch passages, heating fluid passages extending across saidmanifold and between said heating fluid inlets and outlets on oppositesides of said manifold, said heating fluid passages being formed toprovide heating fluid cavities at the junctions between said maindistribution passages means and said manifold branch passages forheating the combustible mixture in said manifold branch passages and atsaid junctions, and inlet means for supplying combustible fluid to saidmain distribution passage means.

9. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a manifold body having aspaced pair of manifold outlets on one side thereof and an adjacent pairof manifold outlets on the other side thereof, branch passages formed insaid body and extending between one of said spaced pair of manifoldoutlets and one of said adjacent pair of manifold outlets, said branchpassages being formed to provide adjacent manifold branch passage wallswhich merge with one another at said adjacent pair of manifold outletsand diverge from one another across said manifold body to said spacedpair of manifold outlets, main distribution passage means extendingthrough said adjacent walls and between intermediate portions of saidbranch passages, and means for supplying combustible fluid to said maindistribution passage means.

10. An inlet manifold for engines comprising a manifold body having aspaced pair of manifold outlets on one side thereof and an adjacent pairof manifold outlets on the other side thereof, branch passages formed insaid body and extending across said body and between one of said spacedpair of manifold outlets and one of said adjacent pair of manifoldoutlets, said branch passages being formed to provide adjacent manifoldbranch passage walls which merge with one another at said adjacent pairof manifold outlets and diverge from one another across said manifoldbody to said spaced pair of manifold out lets, main distribution passagemeans formed in said body and having ends forming junctions at saidwalls between intermediate portions of said branch passages and saidmain distribution passage means, heating fluid passage means formed insaid body and having cavity means formed therein adjacent said junctionsbetween said branch passages and said main distribution passage means,means for supplying combustible fluid to said main distribution passagemeans, and means for supplying heating fluid to said heating fluidpassages.

11. In an internal combustion engine having oppositely arranged cylinderbanks each including a cylinder head and an exhaust valve port for eachcylinder thereof, and an intake manifold positioned intermediate saidbanks on said heads and having a hot spot; means for conducting hotexhaust gases to said hot spot comprising passage means extendingcrosswise of said heads and intake manifold connecting said hot spotwith a single exhaust port of each bank of cylinders.

References Cited in the file of this patent or the original patent

